You may find it helpful to look at examples of references from your subject area. Remember, the differences in order, format and punctuation are to do with the reference style, however, there are generally common elements that you need to have:
A book reference will look similar to this:
Wyatt, P. (2023) Property valuation. 3rd edn. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley Blackwell.
Where:
A chapter in an edited book will look similar to this:
Reaka, M.L. and Lombardi, S.A. (2011) 'Hotspots on global coral reefs', in F. E. Zachos and J. C. Habel (eds.) Biodiversity hotspots: distribution and protection of conservation priority areas. Berlin: Springer, pp. 471-501.
Where
For examples of other types of material, see:
A journal article will look similar to this:
Jiang, Z., Kobayashi, T., Yamanaka, T. and Sandberg, M. (2023) 'A literature review of cross ventilation in buildings', Energy and Buildings, 291, article number 113143.
or
Where
OR
Noailly, J. (2012) 'Improving the energy efficiency of buildings: the impact of environmental policy on technological innovation', Energy Economics, 34(3), pp. 795-806.
Where
Note: an older article is more likely to have volume/issue/page range and a more recent article is more likely to have an article number.
The references on this page are formatted according to:
By using the 'Harvard HWU Cite Them Right' style in EndNote. For further information about EndNote/styles, see:
Campbell, N.A., Urry, L.A., Cain, M.L., Wasserman, S.A., Minorsky, P.V., Reece, J.B., Urry, L.A., Minorsky, P.V. and Reece, J.B. (2017) Biology: a global approach. 11th edn. New York: Pearson.
Chadwick, A.J., Morfett, J.C. and Borthwick, M. (2021) Hydraulics in civil and environmental engineering. 6th edn. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press.
Cimellaro, G.P. and Marasco, S. (2018) Introduction to dynamics of structures and earthquake engineering. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
Gifford, R. (2014) Environmental psychology: principles and practice. 5th edn. Colville, WA: Optimal Books.
Harris, F., McCaffer, R., CBaldwin, A. and Edum-Fotwe, F. (2021) Modern construction management. 8th edn. Chichester: Wiley.
Holden, J. (2011) Physical Geography: The Basics. London: Taylor and Francis.
Karwa, R. (2020) Heat and mass transfer. 2nd edn. Singapore: Springer.
Levinton, J.S. (2011) Marine biology: function, biodiversity, ecology. 3rd edn. Oxford: OUP.
McArdle, W.D., Katch, F.I. and Katch, V.L. (2023) Exercise physiology: nutrition, energy, and human performance. 9th International edn. Philadelphia, Pa.: Wolters Kluwer.
Ringrose, P. and Bentley, M. (2021) Reservoir model design: a practitioner's guide. 2nd edn. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
Tallon, A. (2021) Urban regeneration in the UK. 3rd edn. London: Routledge.
Wyatt, P. (2023) Property valuation. 3rd edn. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley Blackwell.
Yepes, V., Yepes, V. and García-Segur, T. (2021) Sustainable Construction. Basel, Switzerland: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.
Davidoff, P. (2015) 'Advocacy and pluralism in planning', in S. S. Fainstein and J. Defilippis (eds.) Readings in Planning Theory. 4th edn. Chichester: Wiley, pp. 427-442.
Ding, G.K.C. (2014) 'Life cycle assessment (LCA) of sustainable building materials: an overview', in F. Pacheco-Torgal, L. Cabeza, J. Labrincha and A. De Magalhaes (eds.) Eco-efficient construction and building materials: Life cycle assessment (LCA), eco-labelling and case studies. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing, pp. 38-62.
Dirk de Heer, H., Kline, J.R. and Charley, B. (2020) 'Anti-gravity treadmill training for prevention and rehabilitation of running injuries', in M. A. Harrast (ed.) Clinical care of the runner. Elsevier, pp. 113-130.
Krupnick, A.J. (2016) 'Hydraulic fracturing for shale gas: economic rewards and risks', in D. Kaden and T. Rose (eds.) Environmental and health issues in unconventional oil and gas development. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 13-32.
Marx, H., Pflügl, S., Mattanovich, D. and Sauer, M. (2016) 'Synthetic biology assisting metabolic pathway engineering', in A. Glieder, C. P. Kubicek, D. Mattanovich, B. Wiltschi and M. Sauer (eds.) Synthetic Biology. Cham: Springer, pp. 255-280.
Orbach, S. (2019) 'Climate sorrow', in C. Farrell, A. Green, S. Knights, W. Skeaping and Extinction Rebellion (eds.) This is not a drill: an Extinction Rebellion handbook. London: Penguin Books, pp. 54-56.
Reaka, M.L. and Lombardi, S.A. (2011) 'Hotspots on global coral reefs', in F. E. Zachos and J. C. Habel (eds.) Biodiversity hotspots: distribution and protection of conservation priority areas. Berlin: Springer, pp. 471-501.
Beazley, L., Kenchington, E., Korabik, M., Fenton, D. and King, M. (2021) 'Other effective area-based conservation measure promotes recovery in a cold-water coral reef', Global Ecology and Conservation, 26, article number e01485.
Carrilho da Graça, G., Albuquerque, D.P., Sandberg, M. and Linden, P.F. (2021) 'Pumping ventilation of corner and single sided rooms with two openings', Building and Environment, 205, article number 108171.
Cordero-Vinueza, V.A., Niekerk, F. and van Dijk, T. (2023) 'Making child-friendly cities: a socio-spatial literature review', Cities, 137, article number 104248.
Fiorentino, S., Livingstone, N., McAllister, P. and Cooke, H. (2022) 'The future of the corporate office? Emerging trends in the post-Covid city', Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 15(3), pp. 597-614.
Jiang, Z., Kobayashi, T., Yamanaka, T. and Sandberg, M. (2023) 'A literature review of cross ventilation in buildings', Energy and Buildings, 291, article number 113143.
Ohene, E., Chan, A.P.C., Darko, A. and Nani, G. (2023) 'Navigating toward net zero by 2050: drivers, barriers, and strategies for net zero carbon buildings in an emerging market', Building and Environment, 242, article number 110472.
Ohlsson, K.E.A., Nair, G. and Olofsson, T. (2022) 'Uncertainty in model prediction of energy savings in building retrofits: case of thermal transmittance of windows', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 168, article number 112748.
Pedlar, C.R., Brown, M.G., Shave, R.E., Otto, J.M., Drane, A., Michaud-Finch, J., Contursi, M., Wasfy, M.M., Hutter, A., Picard, M.H., Lewis, G.D. and Baggish, A.L. (2017) 'Cardiovascular response to prescribed detraining among recreational athletes', Journal of Applied Physiology, 124(4), pp. 813-820.
Wilks, J. (2010) 'Child-Friendly cities: A place for active citizenship in geographical and environmental education', International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 19(1), pp. 25-38.
Zhang, L., Tang, C., Li, M., Wang, H., Zhang, S., Wang, J., Dong, X., Fang, D., Bai, H., Sun, Y. and Yue, D. (2023) 'Identification of key surfactant in municipal solid waste leachate foaming and its influence mechanism', Water Research, 231, article number 119487.